Unit III · Topic 9International humanitarian law (IHL) - Conventions and protocols – Previous Year Questions

3. The International Committee of Red Cross was founded by:

1. (a)Henry Dunant✓
2. (b)Gustave Moynier
3. (c)Hugo Grotius
4. (d)Hans Peter Gasser

9. Which of the following is NOT a principle which is the foundation of International Humanitarian Law and guides emergency humanitarian action in armed conflict?

1. (a)Principle of Humanity
2. (b)Principle of Impartiality
3. (c)Principle of Neutrality
4. (d)Principle of Self-determination✓

10. Read both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the correct option.

Assertion (A): International Humanitarian Law regulates the conduct of war (jus in bello), protecting those not participating and restricting warfare means and methods.

Reason (R): International Humanitarian Law is inspired by considerations of humanity and the mitigation of human suffering.

Options:

1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)✓
2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
3. (c)(A) is correct but (R) is wrong
4. (d)(A) is wrong but (R) is correct

2. Which one of the following Geneva conventions has the provisions on "The protection of the victims of maritime warfare"?

1. (a)The Second Geneva Convention, 1949✓
2. (b)The Third Geneva Convention, 1949
3. (c)The Fourth Geneva Convention, 1949
4. (d)The First Geneva Convention, 1949

3. The law relating to armed conflicts of non-international character is governed by:

1. (a)Common Article 3 of the Geneva Convention, 1949 or the Additional Protocol I, 1977
2. (b)Common Article 3 of the Geneva Convention, 1949 or the Additional Protocol II, 1977✓
3. (c)Additional Protocols I and II, 1977
4. (d)Only Additional Protocol I, 1977

5. Which of the following statements in relation to the dissenting judgment of Dr. Radha Vinod Pal in the Tokyo Trial can be correctly attributed to him?

(A) War is beyond the scope of International law

(B) Conduct of war is within the scope of the rules of International law

(C) The Pact of Paris brought about no change in the status of war

(D) International law has developed so much so as to make war a crime

(E) Conspiracy is an independent crime under International law

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (a)(A), (B) and (C) only✓
2. (b)(C), (D) and (E) only
3. (c)(B), (C) and (E) only
4. (d)(A), (B) and (D) only

6. Given below are two statements: one is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other as Reason (R).

Assertion (A): The tests of proportionality, necessity, and balancing are found at prominent places in the GATS, GATT, SPS and TBT Agreements.

Reason (R): The meaning of these tests and their interrelationship is not always clear.

In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)✓
3. (c)(A) is correct but (R) is not correct
4. (d)(A) is not correct but (R) is correct

7. What was the fundamental distinction on which the Hague Convention was built?

1. (a)Distinction between military occupation and civil population
2. (b)Distinction between positive international law and laws of war
3. (c)Distinction between combatants and non-combatants✓
4. (d)Distinction between military targets and military authorities

8. What do Hague Convention 1899 and Geneva Convention 1864 primarily outline?

1. (a)Human conditions of incarceration
2. (b)Constraints on State Behavior✓
3. (c)Rights of victims of war
4. (d)Rights of wounded soldiers

10. What makes Geneva Convention (1864) noteworthy?

1. (a)Its content alone
2. (b)Its widespread ratification alone
3. (c)Its content and its widespread ratification✓
4. (d)The new international rights created by the Geneva Convention

11. Which international instrument predominantly ensures that non-combatants did not become victims of war?

1. (a)Positive international law
2. (b)The Geneva Convention
3. (c)The Hague Convention✓
4. (d)International Humanitarian law

12. Arrange the following International Humanitarian Law Treaties and Conventions in the chronological order of their adoption.

A. Chemical Weapons Convention

B. Arms Trade Treaty

C. International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

D. Geneva Convention

E. Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons

Choose the correct answer:

1. (a)B, C, D, A, E
2. (b)D, B, C, E, A
3. (c)A, E, D, C, B
4. (d)D, A, C, B, E✓

4. Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Geneva Conventions)

A. Geneva Convention I

B. Geneva Convention II

C. Geneva Convention III

D. Geneva Convention IV

List-II (Corresponding Articles of State Responisibility & Compliance)

I. Article 49-54

II. Article 50-53

III. Article 129-132

IV. Article 146-149

Choose the correct answer:

1. (a)(A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)✓
2. (b)(A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)
3. (c)(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)
4. (d)(A)-(IV), (B)-(I), (C)-(II), (D)-(III)

7. Which of the following declaration of the Hague Convention Concerning Expanding Bullets of 1899 prohibits the use of dum-dum bullets?

1. (a)Declaration I
2. (b)Declaration II
3. (c)Declaration III✓
4. (d)Declaration IV

9. Arrange the following International Conventions/Agreements in the chronological order of their adoption.

(A) Additional Protocols to the Geneva Conventions

(B) International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of all Migrant Workers and Members of their Families

(C) Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees

(D) Agreement establishing World Trade Organisation

Options:

1. (1)(C), (A), (B), (D)✓
2. (2)(A), (C), (B), (D)
3. (3)(B), (C), (D), (A)
4. (4)(D), (C), (B), (A)

14. Arrange the following provisions of the Hague Convention, 1907 in the numerical order in which they appear:

(A) The Pacific Settlement of International Disputes

(B) The Limitation of Employment of Force for Recovery of Contract Debts

(C) The Opening of Hostilities

(D) The Laws and Customs of War on Land

(E) The Rights and Duties of Neutral Power and Persons in case of War on Land

Options:

1. (a)(A), (B), (C), (D), (E)✓
2. (b)(A), (E), (D), (C), (B)
3. (c)(B), (D), (C), (E), (A)
4. (d)(B), (C), (A), (D), (E)

4. Which Article of the Geneva Conventions, 1949 is referred to as the "mini-convention within the conventions"?

1. (a)Article 2
2. (b)Article 3✓
3. (c)Article 4
4. (d)Article 5

10. Arrange the following conventions in the chronological order of their coming into force (ascending):

A. The Biological Weapons Convention

B. The Chemical Weapons Convention

C. The Conventional Weapons Convention

D. The Ottawa Convention on Anti-Personnel Mines

1. (a)A, B, C, D
2. (b)A, C, B, D✓
3. (c)C, A, B, D
4. (d)C, D, A, B

Arrange the following in the order of sections in which they appear in the Lieber code.(A) Martial Law

(B) Public and Private property of the enemy

(C) Deserters

(D) Partisans

(E) Spies

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

1. (a)(A), (B), (C), (D), (E)✓
2. (b)(B), (C), (D), (E), (A)
3. (c)(C), (D), (E), (A), (B)
4. (d)(D), (E), (AА), (B), (C)

Arrange the following Conventions/treaties in their chronological order

(A) Hague Conventions (on humanitarian law)

(B) European Convention of Human Rights

(C) Geneva Convention

(D) Tokyo Convention (on hijacking)

(E) Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

1. (a)(C), (B), (D), (E), (A)
2. (b)(A), (C), (B), (D), (E)
3. (c)(A), (E), (C), (B), (D)✓
4. (d)(A), (B), (C), (D), (E)