Unit III · Topic 2Sources of International law – Previous Year Questions

4. The era of law-making treaties began with:

1. (a)Treaty of Vienna
2. (b)Treaty of Versailles
3. (c)Kellogg Briand Pact
4. (d)Treaty of Westphalia✓

6. Match the following:

Options:

1. (a)A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1✓
2. (b)A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
3. (c)A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
4. (d)A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1

Pequete Habana case — about customary international law and non-combatant ships.

Dumbarton Oaks Conference — foundation for the formation of the United Nations.

Vienna Declaration, 1993 — focused on Human Rights reaffirmation.

Custom — recognized source of law in international jurisprudence.

1. Which of the following is a principal organ of the United Nations?

1. (a)Human Rights Committee
2. (b)Economic and Social Council✓
3. (c)International Labour Organization
4. (d)International Law Association

2. India is not a party to:

1. (a)International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966
2. (b)International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966
3. (c)Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 1966✓
4. (d)Convention on Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW), 1979

3. A treaty, in principle, binds the states parties to it. A state becomes a party to the treaty by:

1. (a)Signing the treaty✓
2. (b)Ratifying or acceding to the treaty
3. (c)Enacting domestic legislation to implement the treaty
4. (d)Enforcing the treaty by way of conduct

5. In India, treaty-making is:

1. (a)A Legislative Act
2. (b)An Executive Act✓
3. (c)A Judicial Act
4. (d)Both a Legislative and Judicial Act

1. Boundary delimitation treaties are binding even on non-party states because they are valid erga omnes. The International Court of Justice held so in:

Options:

1. (a)The Asylum Case
2. (b)The Case Concerning Kasikili/Sedudu Island (Botswana v. Namibia)✓
3. (c)The Case Concerning the Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Project (Hungary v. Slovakia)
4. (d)The Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case

2. ‘A treaty is a contract between the Governments of two or more sovereign States.’ Lord Templeman said so in:

Options:

1. (a)The S.S. Lotus Case
2. (b)The Gulf of Maine Case
3. (c)James Buchanan & Co. v. Babco Forwarding and Shipping
4. (d)Maclaine Watson v. Deptt. of Trade and Industry✓

4. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Options:

1. (a)A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
2. (b)A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
3. (c)A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3✓
4. (d)A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4

2. Which of the following are essential elements of a valid international custom?

Options:

Constant and uniform state practice

Generality of practice

Jus cogens

Opinio juris

1. (a)1 alone
2. (b)3 and 4
3. (c)1, 2 and 4
4. (d)1, 2, 3 and 4✓

3. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below:

Options:

1. (a)A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
2. (b)A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2✓
3. (c)A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
4. (d)A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3

4. Assertion (A): General principles of law recognized by civilized nations enable the International Court to develop rules of International Law.

Reason (R): The meaning and scope of general principles of law are unclear.

Options:

1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)✓
3. (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false
4. (d)(A) is false, but (R) is true

5. In the S.S. Lotus case, the Permanent Court of International Justice held that in the case of collision of two foreign ships:

Options:

1. (a)France has jurisdiction
2. (b)Turkey has jurisdiction✓
3. (c)European Union has jurisdiction
4. (d)Assembly of the League of Nations has jurisdiction

6. Consider the following judicial decisions:

Luther v. Sagar

S.S. Lotus case

Mavrommatis Palestine Concessions case

Mortensen v. Peters

The chronological order in which these decisions were delivered is:

Options:

1. (a)4, 3, 1 and 2✓
2. (b)2, 4, 1 and 3
3. (c)2, 3, 4 and 1
4. (d)1, 2, 3 and 4

Mortensen v. Peters (1906)

Mavrommatis Palestine Concessions case (1924)

Luther v. Sagar (1921)

S.S. Lotus case (1927)

Thus, option (a) correctly reflects their chronological order.

1. Assertion (A): Customs to have the force of law must be immemorial.

Reason (R): Custom represents common consciousness of people.

Options:

1. (a)(A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. (b)(A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
3. (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false
4. (d)(A) is false, but (R) is true✓

2. Assertion (A): International Court of Justice has power to decide cases on the basis of equity.

Reason (R): Equity is one of the General Principles of Law recognized by Civilized Nations.

Options:

1. (a)(A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)✓
2. (b)(A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
3. (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false
4. (d)(A) is false, but (R) is true

3. Match List-I with List-II:

Options: (a) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

1. (b)A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
2. (c)A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
3. (d)A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1

5. Which of the following is not a primary source of International Law?

Options: (a) International treaty

1. (b)Decision of International Court of Justice✓
2. (c)International Custom
3. (d)General Principle of Law recognized by Civilized Nations

2. Opinio juris sive necessitatis means:

Options: (a) Opinions of jurists is necessary evidence for determining rules of international law

1. (b)Opinions of jurists is not necessary evidence for ascertaining rules of international law
2. (c)The feeling on the part of States that in acting as they do, they are fulfilling a legal obligation✓
3. (d)None of the above

1. Assertion (A): International Law Commission has initiated studies and prepared draft codes on diverse fields in international law.

Reason (R): International Law Commission was established under General Assembly Resolution No.1947 with an object to promote, progressively develop and codify international law.

Options: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true

1. (b)(A) is true, (R) is false
2. (c)(R) is true, (A) is false
3. (d)Both (A) and (R) are false

2. Match List-I with List-II:

List-I (Declaration/Treaty/Convention)

A. Universal Declaration of Human Rights

B. International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

C. Convention on the Rights of the Child

D. Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

List-II (Year of Adoption)

Options: (a) 1 2 4 3

1. (b)2 1 4 3
2. (c)4 3 2 1
3. (d)3 2 4 1

3. Jus Cogens means:

Options: (a) Peremptory norm of international law

1. (b)Norm of international law
2. (c)Peremptory norm which does not permit derogation✓
3. (d)None of the above

4. Which one of the following is a primary source of international law?

Options: (a) Decisions of International Court of Justice

1. (b)Resolutions of U.N. General Assembly
2. (c)General principles of law recognized by civilized nations✓
3. (d)None of the above

2. What are essential tests for the existence of International Custom?

Options:

1. (a)Uniform practice of States and longevity of time period
2. (b)Uniform practice of States and opinio juris sine necessitatis✓
3. (c)Uniform practice of States, longevity of time period and opinio juris sine necessitatis
4. (d)None of the above

3. In which of the following cases, Judge Alvarez evolved a doctrine that General Assembly resolutions are virtually binding upon States in a legislative sense?

Options:

1. (a)South West Africa Voting Procedure case, ICJ Reports, 1975
2. (b)Western Sahara case, ICJ Reports, 1975
3. (c)Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries case, ICJ Reports, 1951✓
4. (d)South West Africa Voting Procedure case, ICJ Reports, 1955

4. Assertion (A): International Law consists for the most part of customary rules.

Reason (R): Customary rules are the original and oldest source of International Law.

Options:

1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)✓
3. (c)(A) is correct but (R) is false
4. (d)(A) is false but (R) is correct

7. In which one of the following cases did the Permanent Court of International Justice hold, "it is a generally accepted principle of international law that provisions of municipal law cannot prevail over treaty obligations between contracting parties"?

Options:

1. (a)Navlila Incident Case
2. (b)Greco-Bulgarian Communities Case✓
3. (c)Panevezys Saldutiskis Railway Case
4. (d)Polish Postal Service Case

2. Assertion (A): Custom is a rule of conduct obligatory on part of those who are within its sphere, established by long usage and practice.

Reason (R): Rule of conduct are obligatory in any established sphere.

Options:

1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)✓
3. (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false
4. (d)(A) is false, but (R) is true

5. In which of the following cases did the International Court of Justice deny the existence of a customary rule?

Options:

1. (a)North Sea Continental Shelf case
2. (b)The Lotus case
3. (c)Both of the above✓
4. (d)None of the above

3. What should be the order of the use of material sources of International Law?

Options:

Treaties and Conventions

Customs

General principles of law recognized by civilized states

Judicial decisions and juristic opinions as subsidiary means

Codes: (a) 4, 3, 2, 1

1. (b)2, 3, 1, 4
2. (c)4, 2, 1, 3
3. (d)1, 2, 3, 4✓

4. Which Article of the Statute of the International Court of Justice clarifies that its decisions have no binding force except between the parties and in respect of that particular case?

Options: (a) Article 60

1. (b)Article 59✓
2. (c)Article 68
3. (d)Article 38(1)

3. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer:

Codes: (a) 2 1 4 3

1. (b)1 2 4 3
2. (c)1 2 3 4
3. (d)4 2 1 3

2. Assertion (A): International convention is the most important source of law.

Reason (R): International convention has generic wisdom.

Codes:

1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)✓
3. (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false
4. (d)(A) is false, but (R) is true

3. Match List-I with List-II and give the correct answer by using the codes given below:

Code: (a) 1 2 3 4

1. (b)2 3 4 1
2. (c)3 4 1 2
3. (d)4 1 3 2✓

4. Statement-I: Subject to rules of jus cogens, local customary law can supplement or derogate from general custom.

Statement-II: International law does not recognise the concept of local custom.

Code: (a) Both statements are true and II explains I

1. (b)Both statements are true but II does not explain I
2. (c)Statement-I is true, but Statement-II is false✓
3. (d)Statement-I is false, but Statement-II is true

2. In which of the following cases did the Permanent Court of International Justice apply the general principle of subrogation?

1. (a)Chorzow Factory (Indemnity Case)
2. (b)Case Concerning the Temple of Preah Vihear
3. (c)Barcelona Traction Case
4. (d)Mavrommatis Palestine Concessions Case✓

6. Assertion (A): International customs used to be the most important source of international law in the past.

Reason (R): The development of custom is very slow and compared to it, rapid changes are made through treaties.

Codes:

1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)✓
3. (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false
4. (d)(A) is false, but (R) is true

2. Which of the following statements is/are incorrect?

Long duration is an essential element for International Custom.

The custom should be completely uniform and consistent to be an International Custom.

In an International Custom, universality of practice is not necessary; the practice should have been generally observed or repeated by numerous states.

Opinio Juris is present, meaning customary practice must be recognized as legally binding by international law.

Codes:

1. (a)Only 1 is incorrect
2. (b)Only 1 and 2 are incorrect✓
3. (c)2, 3 and 4 are incorrect
4. (d)1, 2, 3, 4 all are incorrect

3. Match List-I with List-II and give the correct answer:

Code:

1. (a)4 3 2 1✓
2. (b)3 2 4 1
3. (c)4 3 1 2
4. (d)2 4 3 1

2. Which one of the following sources of International Law is not mentioned in Article 38 of the statute of the International Court of Justice but has now become a well-recognized source?

1. (a)International conventions
2. (b)General Principles of Law Recognised by Civilized Nations
3. (c)Decisions of Judicial or Arbitral Tribunals and Juristic Works
4. (d)Decisions or Determinations of the Organs of International Institutions✓

3. Which of the following statement/statements is/are correct?

Custom is the oldest and original source of International law as well as of law in general.

In Barcelona Traction case, the International Court applied the general rule of subrogation.

In Chorzow Factory (Indemnity) case the Permanent Court of Justice ruled that International law is based on justice, equity and good conscience.

In Nicaragua v. U.S.A. the Court held that the sources of International law are not hierarchical but complementary and interrelated.

Codes:

1. (a)Only 1 is correct
2. (b)1, 2 and 3 are correct
3. (c)1 and 4 are both correct✓
4. (d)1, 2, 3 and 4 all are correct

2. Which of the following statements is/are not correct?

Principle of law recognised by domestic law of a large number of states automatically becomes a principle of International Law.

Article 38(1)(c) of ICJ Statute lists “General Principles of Law Recognised by Civilized States” as the second source of international law.

General principles include only substantive principles provided they have general recognition.

Development of such principles as a source of law has weakened positivism.

Codes:

1. (a)Only 2 is incorrect
2. (b)Both 2 and 3 are incorrect✓
3. (c)1, 2 and 3 are incorrect
4. (d)1, 3 and 4 are incorrect

2. Which of the following statements is/are not correct?

Decisions or determinations of the organs of international institutions do not find mention in Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice.

West Rand Central Gold Mining Company Ltd. v. R. is related to general principles of law recognized by civilized states.

Frontier Dispute (Burkina Faso v. Mali) is a case related to international customs as a source of law.

The importance of the works of jurists has been stressed by Justice Gray in the Barcelona Traction case.

Codes:

1. (a)Only 1, 2 and 3 are not correct
2. (b)Only 2, 3 and 4 are not correct✓
3. (c)Only 3 and 4 are not correct
4. (d)1, 2, 3 and 4 all are not correct

2. In which of the following cases did the World Court by majority take the view that the sources of international law are not hierarchical but are necessarily complementary and interrelated?

1. (a)Nicaragua v. U.S.A.✓
2. (b)North Sea Continental Shelf case
3. (c)Barcelona Traction case
4. (d)Frontier Dispute (Burkina Faso v. Mali)

3. Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes below:

Codes:

1. (a)1 2 3 4
2. (b)4 3 2 1
3. (c)2 4 1 3✓
4. (d)3 1 4 2

3. Which of the following statement/statements is/are correct?

Article 38 of the Statute of the Permanent Court of International Justice mentions only 4 sources of International law.

Right of passage over Indian Territory Case (Portugal v. India) was decided by the International Court of Justice based upon General Principles of Law recognised by Civilised States.

Decisions or determinations of the organs of the International Institutions do not find mention in Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court but have become a recognised source of International Law.

In Chorzow Factory (Indemnity) case the Permanent Court of Justice applied the principle of subrogation.

Codes:

1. (a)Only (1) is correct
2. (b)Only (2), (3) and (4) are correct
3. (c)Only (1) and (3) are correct✓
4. (d)(1), (2), (3) and (4) all are correct

2. In which of the following cases did the International Court of Justice point out that when two states follow a practice repeatedly over a long time, it becomes a binding customary rule?

1. (a)West Rand Central Gold Mining Co. Ltd. v. R.
2. (b)South West Africa Case
3. (c)Right of Passage over Indian Territory (Portugal v. India)✓
4. (d)North Sea Continental Shelf Case

2. In which of the following cases did the World Court, by majority, take the view that the sources of law are hierarchical but necessarily complementary and interrelated?

1. (a)Nicaragua v. USA✓
2. (b)Frontier Dispute (Burkina Faso v. Mali)
3. (c)Portugal v. India
4. (d)Temple of Preah Vihear Case

2. In the Asylum Case, what did the International Court of Justice state about the requirement for a rule of customary law to be established?

1. (a)Both the assertion and reason are correct, and reason is the correct explanation.✓
2. (b)Both are correct, but reason is not the correct explanation.
3. (c)Assertion is true but reason is false.
4. (d)Assertion is false but reason is true.

2. Read both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and choose the correct option.

Assertion (A): Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice lists international conventions—whether general or particular—that establish rules expressly recognized by contesting states as the first source of international law.

Reason (R): In the modern period, international treaties are the most important source of international law.

Options:

1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)✓
2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
3. (c)(A) is correct but (R) is wrong
4. (d)(A) is wrong but (R) is correct

3. Assertion-Reason MCQ

Assertion (A): Subject of rules of Jus Cogens, local customary law can supplement or derogate from general custom.

Reason (R): International law does not recognize the concept of local custom.

Choose the correct option:

1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
3. (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false✓
4. (d)(A) is false, but (R) is true

10. Which provision of ICJ Statute lists ‘General Principles of Law Recognized by Civilised States’ as a source?

1. (a)Article 38(a)
2. (b)Para (1)(c) of Article 38✓
3. (c)Article 38(b)
4. (d)Para (3)(c) of Article 38

2. Pacata Terties Nec Nocent Nec Prosunt means:

1. (a)Multilateral treaties prevail over bilateral treaties
2. (b)Treaties are not binding in case of situations of emergency
3. (c)Only parties to an international treaty are bound by it✓
4. (d)The right of innocent passage cannot be thwarted by bilateral treaties

4. “General principles of law recognized by civilized states” as a source of international law has been applied in which case?

1. (a)Corfu Channel case
2. (b)Asylum case
3. (c)Mavrommatis Palestine Concessions case✓
4. (d)Reparations case

5. To which does the passage give primacy, pacta sunt servanda or the principles of customary international law?

1. (a)Pacta sunt servanda
2. (b)Principles of customary international law✓
3. (c)Both
4. (d)Neither

6. The literal meaning of Pacta sunt servanda is:

1. (a)Pacts are sacred
2. (b)Pacts are good servants
3. (c)Pacts need not be observed
4. (d)Agreements must be observed✓

8. The codification of Pacta sunt servanda finds mention in which Article of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969?

1. (a)It does not find mention in the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969
2. (b)Article 26✓
3. (c)Article 2
4. (d)Article 47

Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice enumerates which of the following as sources of International Law?

A. All international conventions

B. International custom, as evidence of a general practice accepted as law

C. The general principles of law recognized by United Nations

D. The general principles of law recognized by civilized nations

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

1. (a)A, B, C only
2. (b)B, D only✓
3. (c)B, C only
4. (d)A, B only

The general principles of law recognized by civilized nations

Judicial decisions and teachings of highly qualified publicists (as subsidiary means).

Recognition by the United Nations is not a source under Article 38, making option (b) correct.

1.Which of the following statements is/are correct?

A. Art. 2(4) of the UN Charter contains the prohibition of the unilateral use of force or threat by states in their international relations.

B. There are no exceptions to the above.

C. The UN Charter makes an exception to Art. 2(4) in cases of individual and collective self-defence as in Art. 51.

D. States may use or encourage the use of economic and political measures to coerce another state.

E. States have a duty to refrain from propaganda for wars of aggression.

Choose the most appropriate answer:

1. (a)A, B, D and E only
2. (b)A, C, D and E only
3. (c)A, C and E only✓
4. (d)B, C, D and E only

2. Match List I with List II and select the correct option:

List I

A. Kyoto Treaty on Climate Change

B. International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of their Families

C. SAARC Accord on Extradition

D. WTO came into force

List II

I. 1995

II. 1997

IV. 1987

Options:

1. (a)A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I✓
2. (b)A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
3. (c)A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
4. (d)A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III

5. Which of the following statements is/are correct?

A. Treaties may be terminated.

B. Treaties cannot be terminated.

C. Treaties may be terminated by (i) operation of law and (ii) by act of state parties.

D. Non-performance of a treaty is also a ground for termination and is provided in Article 51 of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969.

E. Non-performance of a treaty is also a ground for termination as per Article 57 of the Vienna Convention.

Options:

1. (a)A, B, C and E only✓
2. (b)B, C and D only
3. (c)B, C and E only
4. (d)B and C only

Omitted

6. Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A. Uniting for Peace Resolution was passed in 1950

B. Uniting for Peace Resolution was passed by the General Assembly

C. Uniting for Peace Resolution was passed by the Security Council

D. Maintenance of international peace and security is the primary responsibility of the Security Council

E. Maintenance of international peace and security is the primary responsibility of the General Assembly

1. (a)A, B and D only✓
2. (b)A, B, C and D only
3. (c)A, B, D and E only
4. (d)A, B and E only

7. Given below are two statements:

Assertion (A): Article 38(2) of the ICJ Statute states that "provision in Article 38(1) shall not prejudice the power of the court to decide a case ex aequo et bono if parties agree thereto."

Reason (R): Ex aequo et bono enables the court to decide upon considerations of fair dealing and good faith, which may be independent of or contrary to law.

Which of the following is correct?

1. (a)Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A✓
2. (b)Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
3. (c)A is true but R is false
4. (d)A is false but R is true

List I

A. Rule of Specialty

B. Paquete Habana

C. Barcelona Traction Case

D. Nicaragua v USA

List II

I. Importance of the works of jurists

II. Extradition

III. Sources of International Law are not hierarchical but complementary

IV. Equity and Justice

Options:

1. (a)A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III✓
2. (b)A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
3. (c)A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
4. (d)A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I

14. Which one of the following chronological sequences is correct regarding international legal instruments?

A. Treaty of Westphalia

B. Kellogg-Briand Pact

C. Brussels Conference

D. Convention on the Status of Refugees

E. Montevideo Convention

Options:

1. (a)A, B, C, E, D
2. (b)A, E, B, C, D
3. (c)A, C, E, B, D
4. (d)A, C, B, E, D✓

15. The principle of Jus Cogens is incorporated in which Article of the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, 1969?

1. (a)Article 25
2. (b)Article 37
3. (c)Article 53✓
4. (d)Article 63

13. Which of the following is not a source of International Law as per Article 38 of the Statute of the International Court of Justice?

1. (a)Judicial decisions (subject to Article 59 of Statute of ICJ)
2. (b)Writing of most highly qualified publicists (subject to Article 59 of Statute of ICJ)
3. (c)Community customary laws✓
4. (d)General principles of law recognised by civilised nations

3. Which of the following is a guide to the International Court of Justice to decide disputes submitted to it by State parties?

1. (a)Non-binding international conventions
2. (b)Principles of engagement laid down by the permanent members of the United Nations Security Council
3. (c)The general principles of law recognised by civilised nations✓
4. (d)Previous decisions of the International Court of Justice

7. Match the following legal maxims with their meanings:

List-I (Maxim)

A. Erga Omnes

B. Jus Cogens

C. Pacta Sunt Servanda

D. Rebus Sic Stantibus

List-II (Meaning)

Relation to all

Peremptory norm

Agreements are to be respected

Essential circumstances remain unchanged

1. (a)A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
2. (b)A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
3. (c)A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4✓
4. (d)A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4

Arrange the following in chronological order of their enactment

A. The Anti-Hijacking Act

B. Diplomatic Relations (Vienna Convention) Act

C. Anti-Apartheid (United Nations Convention) Act

D. Genocide Convention

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

1. (a)D, C, A, B
2. (b)D, B, C, A✓
3. (c)C, B, D, A
4. (d)B, C, D, A