Unit VIII · Topic 10Protection and enforcement of human rights in India – National Human Rights Commission, National Commission for Minorities, National Commission for Women, National Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Schedule Tribes and National Commission for Backward Classes – Previous Year Questions

39 previous year questions on Protection and enforcement of human rights in India – National Human Rights Commission, National Commission for Minorities, National Commission for Women, National Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for Schedule Tribes and National Commission for Backward Classes from UGC NET Law papers (2012–2026), including 1 assertion–reason, 5 match-the-list, 4 statement-based questions. The correct option is marked in green.

Questions

39 questions

2012

The term of the office of the Chairperson and Members of the NHRC under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 is

  1. (a)5 years from the date on which he enters the office or until he attains the age of 70 years whichever is earlier✓
  2. (b)4 years from the date on which he enters the office or until he attains the age of 70 years whichever is earlier
  3. (c)3 years from the date on which he enters the office or until he attains the age of 68 years whichever is earlier
  4. (d)5 years from the date on which he enters the office or until he attains the age of 68 years whichever is earlier
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : Under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, the provisions regarding the term of office of the Chairperson and Members of the National Human Rights Commission are given in Section 6(1). According to Section 6(1), the term of office of the person appointed as the Chairperson shall be 5 years from the date on which he assumes office or when he attains the age of 70 years, whichever is earlier.

2012

The Chairperson of National Commission on Minorities shall be deemed member of

  1. (a)Human Rights Council
  2. (b)Law Commission of India
  3. (c)National Human Rights Commission✓
  4. (d)International Law Commission
Answer & explanation

Ans. (c) : The National Commission for Minorities has been constituted under the National Commission for Minorities Act, 1992. According to Section 3 of this Act, the Central Government shall constitute a National Commission for Minorities. This Commission shall have a Chairperson, Vice-Chairperson and five members from the minority community. The Chairperson shall be the deemed member of the National Human Rights Commission.

2012

Indicate the order in which the following words appear in the definition of 'Human Rights' as given in Section 2(D) of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.

1. Life

2. Liberty

3. Equality

4. Dignity

Code:

  1. (a)1, 3, 2 and 4
  2. (b)2, 3, 4 and 1
  3. (c)1, 2, 4 and 3
  4. (d)1, 2, 3 and 4✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : According to Section 2(d) of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993, "human rights" means the rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual which are guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants and are enforceable by courts in India.

2012

Who is the Chairperson of NHRC?

  1. (a)Justice J.S. Verma
  2. (b)Justice K.G. Bala Krishnan✓
  3. (c)Justice A.S. Anand
  4. (d)Justice M.N. Venkatachalaiah
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : Currently the Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission is Justice (Retired) H.L. Dattu.

2013

In Indian Constitution, Civil and Political Rights given in its

  1. (a)Part II
  2. (b)Part III✓
  3. (c)Part IV
  4. (d)Part IX
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : Part 3 of the Indian Constitution is related to fundamental rights. Civil and political rights are given in its Articles 12-35. In case of violation, one can enforce one's rights through the Supreme Court of India under Article 32.

2013

Section 19 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 provides protection to

  1. (a)Army only✓
  2. (b)Police only
  3. (c)Navy only
  4. (d)All of the above
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : The Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 has a total of 43 sections. Section 19 mentions the procedure regarding armed forces. According to this, the Commission can seek a report from the Central Government on the complaint of violation of human rights by members of the armed forces and the Central Government shall inform the Commission within 3 months.

2013

In which of the following cases the jurisprudential basis of the principle to award compensation for violating Human rights has been laid down by the Supreme Court?

  1. (a)Visakha v. State of Rajasthan
  2. (b)Meneka Gandhi v. Union of India
  3. (c)Ratlam Municipality v. Vardhichand
  4. (d)Nilabhati Behra v. State of Orissa✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : In the case of Nilavati Behra v. State of Orissa, the Supreme Court laid down the jurisprudential basis of the principle of compensation for violation of human rights. The Maneka Gandhi case is based on the principle of natural justice. The Vishakha v. State of Rajasthan case relates to sexual harassment at the workplace.

2014

The National Human Rights Commission can:

1. itself take action and punish those who violate human rights

2. recommend the government to take action

3. initiate proceedings in the court

4. join as a party to a case in the court involving violation of human rights

Codes:

  1. (a)1 and 2 are correct
  2. (b)2, 3 and 4 are correct✓
  3. (c)1, 2 and 3 are correct
  4. (d)3 and 4 are correct
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : According to the Protection of Human Rights Act 1993, the Commission can perform the following functions.

(1) Can recommend the Government to take action.

(2) Can institute a case in the court.

(3) Can join as a party in any case relating to violation of human rights in the court.

(4) Suo motu or on the application of an aggrieved person by any person

(a) Violation or its abetment of human rights

(b) Investigation on a petition for negligence of a public servant in preventing such violation

(5) To promote research in the field of human rights.

2014

Some of the human rights are contained in the Indian Constitution under:

  1. (a)Part III and Part IV-A
  2. (b)Part III and Part IV✓
  3. (c)Part IV and Part IV-A
  4. (d)Part II and Part IV-A
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : In Part (III) (Fundamental Rights) and Part (IV) (Directive Principles) of the Indian Constitution, some human rights have been incorporated.

2014

Which of the following court normally is/ are notified by the State Governments to act as Human Rights Court for speedy trial of offences violating Human Rights?

1. Munsiff Courts

2. Lok Adalats

3. Senior Civil Judge Court

4. Sessions Court

Codes:

  1. (a)i and iv/1, 2 and 4
  2. (b)i, iii and iv/1, 3 and 4
  3. (c)ii and iv/2 and 4
  4. (d)iv/4✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : Section 30 of the Protection of Human Rights Act 1993 provides that the State Government may, with the concurrence of the Chief Justice of the High Court, designate any Session Court of every district for the speedy trial of offences arising out of violation of human rights, as Human Rights Courts.

2014

The power of 'enquiry and investigation' was given to Human Rights Commission under the following sections of the protection of Human Rights Act, 1993:

1. Sec.13

2. Sec. 14

3. Sec. 9

4. Sec. 10

Codes:

  1. (a)i and ii/1 and 2✓
  2. (b)i and iii/1 and 3
  3. (c)ii and iv/2 and 4
  4. (d)iii and iv/3 and 4
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : Section 13 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 provides that the Commission shall have all the powers of a civil court while inquiring into human rights related complaints, which a civil court has while trying any case under the Code of Civil Procedure. The above Act provides for the power of investigation of the Human Rights Commission under Section 14. Under this Section, the Commission may utilize the services of any officer of the Central Government or the State Government or any investigation agency for any investigation.

2014Match the lists

Match List-I with List-II in the light of Human Rights under the Constitution of India.

List-I (Case Law)

A. East Coast Railway v. Madhav Appa Rao

B. L.I.C. v. Professor Manubhai D. Shah

C. Vakil Prasad Singh v. State of Bihar

D. Aruna Roy v. Union of India

List-II (Principles)

1. Freedom of expression

2. Equality

3. Religious instructions

4. Speedy trial

Code:

  1. (a)A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3✓
  2. (b)A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
  3. (c)A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
  4. (d)A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : Matched list:

East Coast Railway v. Madhav Apparao - Equality

L.I.C. v. Manubhai D. Shah - Freedom of expression

Vakil Prasad Singh v. State of Bihar - Speedy trial

Aruna Roy v. Union of India - Religious teachings

2014Assertion–Reason

Read Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and answer using the code given below:

Assertion (A): The member state of United Nations Organisation have committed to promote and the respect for observance of Human Rights

Reason (R): The Human Rights are Inalienable, Natural, Inter-dependent and Indivisible. They are means to achieve human dignity.

Code:

  1. (a)Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
  2. (b)Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)✓
  3. (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false
  4. (d)(A) is false, but (R) is true
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : In the preamble of the Charter of the United Nations and in Article 68, it was declared in respect of human rights that the member states of the United Nations will keep in mind their commitment to fundamental human rights and dignity and importance of human beings.

The same human right is the fundamental and other transferable right which is necessary for the life of man. Human rights are the rights of every human being only because he is human, whether he is of any nationality, race or caste, religion, sex.

2016

When a person is arrested by the police, they cannot keep the arrested person in their custody for more than

  1. (a)Twelve hours
  2. (b)Twenty four hours✓
  3. (c)Thirty two hours
  4. (d)Thirty four hours
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : When the police arrests a person, it cannot keep the arrested person in its custody for more than 24 hours, it has to be presented before the magistrate within 24 hours. Such provision is given in Article 22 of the Indian Constitution and Section 57 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973.

2017Match the lists

Match List-I and List-II and give the correct answer by using the codes given below:

List-I (Provisions of Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993)

A. Removal of a Member of the Commission

B. Functions of the Commission

C. Procedure with respect to Armed Forces

D. Appointment of Chairperson and other Members

List-II (Relevant Sections)

1. Section 12

2. Section 4

3. Section 5

4. Section 19

Code:

  1. (a)A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
  2. (b)A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
  3. (c)A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2✓
  4. (d)A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
Answer & explanation

Ans. (c) :

(A) Removal of a Member of the Commission - Section 5

(B) Functions of the Commission - Section 12

(C) Procedure with respect to Armed Forces - Section 19

(D) Appointment of Chairperson and other Members - Section 4

2017Match the lists

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the code given below:

List-I

A. National Environmental Tribunal

B. "Doctrine of Sic utere tuo ut alienum non leadas"

C. To stop and prevent the international traffic in dumping and resultant accumulation of toxic and dangerous products and wastes

D. Convention or climate change strenthened

List-II

1. Basel Convention, 1989

2. Rio Declaration

3. Kyoto Protocol, 1997

4. Principle 21 and 22 of Stockholm Declarations

Code:

  1. (a)A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
  2. (b)A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
  3. (c)A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3✓
  4. (d)A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
Answer & explanation

Ans. (c) :

(A) National Environmental Tribunal - Rio Declaration

(B) 'Sic Utere Tuo Ut Alienum Non Ladas' Principle - Principle 21 and 22

(C) To stop and prevent international traffic in dumping and accumulation of toxic and dangerous products and wastes - Basel Convention 1989

(D) Convention on climate change strengthened - Kyoto Protocol 1997

2017

Section 2(d) of 'The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 defines, "human rights" means the rights relating to ............... of the individual guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants and enforceable by courts in India. Fill in the blanks

  1. (a)Life, Liberty, Equality and Dignity✓
  2. (b)Life, Equality, Liberty and Dignity
  3. (c)Life, Equality, Dignity and Liberty
  4. (d)Life, Liberty, Dignity and Equality
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : Section 2(d) of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 defines that human right means the right of a person before the courts of India which is guaranteed by the Constitution of India or contained in any international convention, relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity.

2017

Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched with regard to National Human Rights Commission of India, under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993?

  1. (a)Section 3 - Appointment of chairperson and other members
  2. (b)Section 4 - Removal of a member of the commission
  3. (c)Section 5 - Member to act as chairperson in certain times
  4. (d)Section 6 - Term of office of members✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : Section 6 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 has provided for the term of office of its members. According to Section 6 - The term of the person appointed to the post of Chairperson shall be 5 years from the time he assumes office or when he attains the age of 70 years, whichever is earlier, he shall be eligible to be re-appointed as a member.

Section 3 - Constitution of National Human Rights Commission

Section 4 - Appointment of Chairperson and members

Section 5 - Resignation and removal of Chairperson and members

2017

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched with regard to the duration of the position of the members/chairperson of N.H.R.C. of India?

  1. (a)Justice S. Rajendra Babu - 2.4.2007 to 31.5.2009
  2. (b)Justice K.G. Bala Krishnan - 7.6.2010 to 11.5.2015
  3. (c)Justice Ms. M. Fathima Beevi - 3.11.1993 to 24.1.1997
  4. (d)Justice V.S. Malimat - 5.8.1994 to 12.10.1998✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : The correct pair of tenure of members/chairpersons of the National Human Rights Commission of India - Justice B.S. Malimat 15/08/1994 to 12/10/1998.

2018Statements

Which of the following statement/statements is/are not correct?

1. The chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission shall be who has been the Chief Justice of Supreme Court

2. The Chairperson and the other Members of National Human Rights Commissioner are appointed by the President of India after consultation with Prime Minister

3. Chairperson and other Members of National Human Rights Commission are eligible for re-appointment

4. The chairperson and the other Members of the Commission can be removed on the Recommendation of the Law Minister of India

Codes:

  1. (a)Only (a) is correct✓
  2. (b)(a) and (c) are correct
  3. (c)(a), (b) and (c) are correct

(d)

  1. (a),✓
  2. (b),
  3. (c)and
  4. (d)all are correct 1, 2, 3 and 4 all are correct
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : According to Section 4 of the Human Rights Act, the Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission shall be one who has been the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. The Chairperson and the members of the National Human Rights Commission shall be appointed by the President on the recommendation of the committee. Section 5 prescribes a procedure for the removal of the Chairperson and the members, under which the Supreme Court can recommend the removal of the Chairperson and other members of the Commission on proven misconduct. According to Section 6, the members of the Human Rights Commission are eligible for reappointment.

2018Match the lists

Match List-I with List-II and give correct answer by using the code below:

List-I (Provisions)

A. Constitution of National Human Rights Commission

B. Constitution of State Human Rights Commission

C. Functions of the National Human Rights Commission

D. Procedure of the Commission

List-II (Sections of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993)

1. Section 10

2. Section 12

3. Section 3

4. Section 21

Code:

  1. (a)A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
  2. (b)A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
  3. (c)A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
  4. (d)A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : Matched:

Constitution of Human Rights Commission - Section 3

Constitution of State Human Rights Commission - Section 21

Functions of National Human Rights Commission - Section 12

Procedure of the Commission - Section 10

2018Statements

Which of the following statements are correct?

1. The Chairperson and Members the State Human Rights Commission shall be appointed by the president under his hand and seal

2. The Chairperson or a Member of a State Human Rights Commission may, by notice in writing under his hand addressed to the Governor, resign has office

3. The president of India may, by order, remove form office the chairperson or any member as the case may be, if adjudged an insolvent

4. On ceasing to hold office, a Chairperson shall be eligible for further employment under the Government of India

Code:

  1. (a)Only 1 and 2 are correct
  2. (b)Only 1 and 3 are correct
  3. (c)Only 2 and 3 are correct✓
  4. (d)Only 3 and 4 are correct
Answer & explanation

Ans. (c) : According to the Human Rights Act 1993-

1. The Chairperson and members of the State Human Rights are appointed by the Governor. (Section 22)

2. The Chairperson and members of the State Human Rights can resign from their post by giving written notice. (Section 23(1))

3. The President can remove the Chairperson or any member from his post on his declaration of insolvency. (Section 23(2))

4. The Chairperson shall not be eligible to work in any other post under the Government of India after the end of his tenure. (Section 24(3))

2018

The National Human Rights Commission in was established in India on:

  1. (a)12 October, 1993✓
  2. (b)22 November, 1993
  3. (c)25 November, 1993
  4. (d)2 December, 1993
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : National Human Rights Commission was established on 12 October, 1993 under the National Human Rights Protection Act 1993. Therefore, no option is correct.

2019

Human rights are defined in which of the following sections of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993?

  1. (a)Section 2(a)
  2. (b)Section 2(b)
  3. (c)Section 2(c)
  4. (d)Section 2(d)✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : Human rights mean such rights relating to life, liberty, equality and dignity of the individual that are guaranteed by the Constitution or embodied in the International Covenants and are enforceable by courts in India.

2019Sequence / order

Various legislations relating to Human Rights in India are given below. Arrange them in chronological order since 1955

  1. (a)1. Bonded Labour system (Abolition) Act 2. Protection of Civil Right Act 3. Immoral Trafficking (Prevention) Act 4. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act
  2. (b)1. Protection of Civil Right Act 2. Immoral Trafficking (Prevention) Act 3. Bonded Labour system (Abolition) Act 4. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act✓
  3. (c)1. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 2. Bonded Labour system (Abolition) Act 3. Protection of Civil Right Act 4. Immoral Trafficking (Prevention) Act
  4. (d)1. Bonded Labour system (Abolition) Act 2. Immoral Trafficking (Prevention) Act 3. Protection of Civil Right Act 4. Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : The correct chronological order of legislations related to human rights in India since 1955-

1- Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955

2- Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956

3- Bonded Labour System (Abolition) Act, 1976

4- Child Labour (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986

2019

Which of the following factors are responsible for judicial activism of India

1. Denial of court access to the poor, downtrodden and underprivileged sections of the society who do not have sufficient means to approach the court

2. Malaadministration, misuse of public office and rampant corruption

3. Increasing social problems as environmental pollution, child labour, smoking in public places, pitiable conditions of prisoners and exploitation of women etc.

4. Gross violation of Human Rights

Choose the correct option

  1. (a)Only 1, 2 and 3
  2. (b)Only 2, 3 and 4
  3. (c)Only 1, 3 and 4
  4. (d)All 1, 2, 3 and 4✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : The following reasons are responsible for judicial activism in India-

1- Denial of court access to the poor, downtrodden and underprivileged sections of the society who do not have sufficient means to approach the court

2- Malaadministration, misuse of public office and rampant corruption

3- Increasing social problems as environmental pollution, child labour, smoking in public places, pitiable conditions of prisoners and exploitation of women etc.

4- Gross violation of Human Rights

June 2020 · Q12

The Chairperson of National Human Rights Commission shall be

  1. (a)Chief Justice of the Supreme Court✓
  2. (b)Chief Justice of a High Court
  3. (c)Judge of the Supreme Court
  4. (d)Chairpersons of National Commission of Women
Answer & explanation

Answer: (a) Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

June 2020 · Q21

National Commission of Minorities was established under which of the following provisions

  1. (a)Article 328 of the Constitution
  2. (b)Article 328A of the Constitution
  3. (c)Section 3 of National Commission of Minorities Act, 1992✓
  4. (d)Article 280 of the constitution of India
Answer & explanation

Answer: (c) Section 3 of National Commission of Minorities Act, 1992

Dec 2020/June 2021 · Q6Match the lists

Match List-I with List-II

I -II

List-I List-II

A. National Human Rights Commission (I) Article 338 -338

B. National Commission for Backward class (II) State to introduce regulatory regime in the National Interest

C. National Commission for Minorities (III) Power of recommend payment of compensation

D. National Commission for Scheduled Caste (IV) Article 338-B 338

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

  1. (a)(A)-(I), (B)-(II), (C)-(III), (D)-(IV)
  2. (b)(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)✓
  3. (c)(A)-(IV), (B)-(III), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)
  4. (d)(A)-(IV), (B)-(II), (C)-(I), (D)-(III)
Answer & explanation

Answer: (b) (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(II), (D)-(I)

Dec 2020/June 2021 · Q94

The National Commission for Women shall perform some of the following functions

(1) Shall fund litigations involving issues affecting a large body of women

ce W

(2) Shall provide, financial assistance to all those who are self employed

(3) Shall impose punishment to those found involved in discrimination of women

(4) Shall impose punishment to those found involved in discrimination of women

(5) Shall investigate and examine all matters relating to the safeguards provided for women under the Constitution and other laws

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

  1. (a)(1), (3), (5) only✓
  2. (b)(2), (4), (5) only
  3. (c)(1), (2), (4) only
  4. (d)(5), (1), (2) only
Answer & explanation

Answer: (a) (1), (3), (5) only

Dec 2021/June 2022 · Q24

The following can be appointed as the Chairperson of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)

  1. (a)Only a person who has been the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court
  2. (b)A person who has been the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court or a Judge of the Supreme Court✓
  3. (c)A person who has been the Chief Justice of a High court
  4. (d)A person who has been a Judge of the High court
Answer & explanation

Answer: (b) A person who has been the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court or a Judge of the Supreme Court

Dec 2021/June 2022 · Q77

National Commission for Backward Classes has been created through which Amendment to the Constitution of India?

ie"ve ?

  1. (a)100th Amendment
  2. (b)101st Amendment
  3. (c)102nd Amendment✓
  4. (d)103rd Amendment
Answer & explanation

Answer: (c) 102nd Amendment

December 2023 · Q85Sequence / order

Arrange the following in chronological order of their Enactment

(A) Protection of Human Rights Act

(B) National Commission for Women Act

(C) 89th Constitutional Amendment Act

(D) National Commission for Minorities Act

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

  1. (a)(A), (D), (B), (C)
  2. (b)(C), (B), (A), (D)
  3. (c)(D), (C), (B), (A)
  4. (d)(B), (D), (A), (C)✓
Answer & explanation

Answer: (d) (B), (D), (A), (C)

December 2024 · Q75

The functions of the National Commission for minorities is provided for under which section of the relevant statute ?

(A) Section 3

(B) Section 5

(C) Section 7

(D) Section 9

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

  1. (a)(A) Only
  2. (b)(B) Only
  3. (c)(C) Only
  4. (d)(D) Only✓
Answer & explanation

Answer: (d) (D) Only

June 2025 · Q49Statements

Which of the following statements are correct?

A. The first National Commission for Women was constituted on 31.01.1992

B. National Commission for Backward Classes got constitutional status via 102nd Amendment

C. Ministry of Minority Affairs was carved out from Ministry of Social Justice

D. National Commission for Scheduled Tribes is under Article 338

E. Article 338A deals with Scheduled Castes

  1. (a)B, C, D only
  2. (b)C, D, E only
  3. (c)A, B, C only✓
  4. (d)A, C, E only
Answer & explanation

Answer: (c) A, B, C only

Explanation: • Article 338 deals with Scheduled Castes,

• Article 338A is for Scheduled Tribes.

• National Commission for Women was indeed established in 1992.

June 2025 · Q54Sequence / order

Arrange the following provisions of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 in the order of their appearance

A. Inquiry into complaints

B. Procedure with respect to armed forces

C. Investigation

D. Powers relating to inquiry

E. Statements made by person to the Commission

  1. (a)A, B, C, D, E
  2. (b)A, D, E, B, C
  3. (c)A, D, C, E, B
  4. (d)D, C, E, A, B✓
Answer & explanation

Answer: (d) D, C, E, A, B

Explanation: .

A. Inquiry into complaints (Section 17)

B. Procedure with respect to armed forces (Section 19)

C. Investigation (Section 14)

D. Powers relating to inquiry (Section 13)

E. Statements made by person to the Commission (Section 15)

31 Dec 2025 (Shift 1) · Q78

Setting up of the State Human Right Commission is provided under which Chapter of Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993?

  1. (a)Chapter X
  2. (b)Chapter II
  3. (c)Chapter V✓
  4. (d)Chapter IV
Answer & explanation

Answer: (c) Chapter V

31 Dec 2025 (Shift 1) · Q123

What is the role of Secretary General of NHRC as reflected under Section 3 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993?

  1. (a)Advisor of NHRC
  2. (b)Technical Member of NHRC
  3. (c)Chief Executive Officer of NHRC✓
  4. (d)Legal Member of NHRC
Answer & explanation

Answer: (c) Chief Executive Officer of NHRC

June 2026 · Q103Statements

Consider the following statement relating to functions of NHRC under Protection of Human Right Act, 1993

A. NHRC may visit any jail or other institution under control of the State Government without intimation to State Government

B. Undertake and promote research in field of Human Rights

C. NHRC cannot intervene in any proceeding relating to violation of Human Rights

D. Review the factor including acts of terrorism that inhibit the enjoyment of Human Rights

E. NHRC cannot enquire into any matter which is pending before a State Commission or any other commission duty constituted under any law

Choose the correct answer from the options given below

  1. (a)B and D only
  2. (b)A, B and C only
  3. (c)B, D and E only✓
  4. (d)A, B and D only
Answer & explanation

Answer: (c) B, D and E only

Explanation: Evaluating each statement according to the statutory provisions of The Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993:

• Statement A - INCORRECT: Under Section 12(c) of the Act, the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) may visit any jail or other institution under the control of the State Government under intimation to the State Government (not without intimation).

• Statement B - CORRECT: Under Section 12(g) of the Act, one of the core functions of the NHRC is to undertake and promote research in the field of human rights.

• Statement C - INCORRECT: Under Section 12(b) of the Act, the NHRC is expressly empowered to intervene in any proceeding involving any allegation of violation of human rights pending before a court, with the approval of such court.

• Statement D - CORRECT: Under Section 12(e) of the Act, the NHRC is empowered to review the factors, including acts of terrorism, that inhibit the enjoyment of human rights and recommend appropriate remedial measures.

• Statement E - CORRECT: Under Section 36(1) of the Act (Matters not subject to jurisdiction of the Commission), the NHRC shall not inquire into any matter which is pending before a State Commission or any other Commission duly constituted under any law. Therefore, statements B, D, and E are correct, which corresponds to Option (c).

← Back to all units All topics of Unit VIII