Unit VI · Topic 9Company law – Directors and meetings – Previous Year Questions

16 previous year questions on Company law – Directors and meetings from UGC NET Law papers (2012–2026), including 1 assertion–reason, 4 match-the-list, 3 statement-based questions. The correct option is marked in green.

Questions

16 questions

2012Assertion–Reason

Assertion (A): Every public company shall have at least three and every private company at least two Directors. Reason (R): Directors are trustees for the company and not for individual shareholders. Code:

  1. (a)(A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation of (A)✓
  2. (b)(A) and (R) are true but (R) is not correct explanation of (A)
  3. (c)(A) is true, but (R) is false
  4. (d)(A) is false, but (R) is true
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : According to the Companies Act, 1956, every public company must have at least three and every private company at least two directors. Directors of the company are trustees of the company. They are not trustees of the individual shareholders.

2012Match the lists

Match an item in List P with an item in List Q List-P: A. Removal of Directors by Company Law Board B. Duty of Directors to disclose interest C. Compensation for loss of office of Director D. Director with unlimited liability List-Q:

Section 318

Section 299-300

Section 402

Section 322-323 Code:

  1. (a)A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4✓
  2. (b)A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
  3. (c)A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
  4. (d)A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : Removal of Directors by Company Law Board — Section 402 Duty of Directors to disclose interest — Section 299-300 Compensation for loss of office of Director — Section 318 Director with unlimited liability — Section 322-323 .

2012Statements

Which statements are correct? Directors are:

Trustees of Company

Managers of Company

Agents of Company

Owners of Company Codes:

  1. (a)1 and 2 are correct
  2. (b)2 and 3 are correct
  3. (c)3 and 4 are correct
  4. (d)1 and 3 are correct✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : Directors are trustees of the company and hold the funds received by the company in trust for the benefit of its shareholders. They act as agents of the company and thus every act done by them binds the company itself. Directors are not managers or owners of the company. Hence statements (1) and (3) are correct while (2) and (4) are incorrect.

2012Match the lists

Match an item in List-I with an item in List-II: List-I: A. Prohibition of assignment of office by Director B. Appointment of alternate Director C. Disqualification to be a Director D. Officer who is in defaulter List-II:

Section 267

Section 312

Section 5

Section 313 Codes:

  1. (a)A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
  2. (b)A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3✓
  3. (c)A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
  4. (d)A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : (a) Prohibition of assignment of office — Section 312 (b) Appointment of alternate Director — Section 313 (c) Disqualification to be a Director — Section 267 (d) Officer in default — Section 5

2013

Directors are

  1. (a)only agents of a company
  2. (b)only fiduciaries of a company
  3. (c)only servants of a company under a contract of employment with the company
  4. (d)All of the above✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : The role of directors in a company is as follows — (1) As agents (2) As trustees (3) As servants

2013Statements

Which statements are correct, answer using codes given below:

Directors are trustees of company

Directors are mentors of company

Directors are agents of company

Director are agents of shareholders Codes:

  1. (a)1 and 2 are correct
  2. (b)1 and 3 are correct✓
  3. (c)1 and 4 are correct
  4. (d)2 and 4 are correct
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : Section 2(34) of the Companies Act 2013 defines 'director' and Section 152 provides for appointment of directors. Directors are appointed by the company board and function as trustees and agents of the company.

2014Match the lists

Match List-I with List-II and select the correct answer using the codes given below: List-I A. Directors with unlimited liability Companies Act B. Prevention of management of a company by undesirable persons. C. A director cannot assign his office in favour of any one else. D. Appointment to a place of profit under the company. List-II

Section 202 and 203 of the Companies Act.

Section 312 of the Companies Act.

Section 322 and 323 of the Companies Act.

Section 314 of the Companies Act. Code:

  1. (a)A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
  2. (b)A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4✓
  3. (c)A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
  4. (d)A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : Correct matching is — Directors with unlimited liability — Companies Act, 1956, Section 322, 323 Prevention of management by undesirable persons — Companies Act 1956, Section 202, 203 A director cannot assign his office — Companies Act Section 314 Appointment to a place of profit under the company — Companies Act 1956, Section 20 Note: The provisions of Companies Act 1956 Sections 202, 203, 314, 322 and 323 were repealed by the Companies Act 2013 and equivalent provisions are given in the new Companies Act 2013 in Section 4 (Memorandum).

2017

Find answer by using codes given below: Director may be removed by

Other Directors

Creditors

Central Government

Shareholders in a general meeting Codes:

  1. (a)only 1 and 2 are correct
  2. (b)only 2 and 3 are correct
  3. (c)only 3 and 4 are correct✓
  4. (d)only 4 and 1 are correct
Answer & explanation

Ans. (c) : only 3 and 4 are correct Explanation: A director can be removed by — (1) Central Government, (2) Shareholders in a general meeting.

2017

"Directors are agents of the company". In which of the following cases above principle laid down. Answer using code given below:

Ferguson v. Wilson

Elkington and Co. v. Harter

Hampshire Land Co., re

Allen v. Hyatt Code:

  1. (a)Only 1
  2. (b)Only 1 and 2
  3. (c)Only 1, 2 and 3
  4. (d)1, 2, 3 and 4✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : 1, 2, 3 and 4 Explanation: The principle that directors are agents of the company was laid down in all the above cases.

Which of the following case is about doctrine of ultra vires? (a) Royal British Bank v. Turquand (b) Premier Industrial Bank Ltd. Carlton Mfg. Co. Ltd. (c) Rajendra Nath Dutta v. Shibendra Nath Mukherjee (d) Attorney General v. Great Eastern Railway Co.

Ans. (d) : Attorney General v. Great Eastern Railway Co. Explanation: The case of Attorney General v. Great Eastern Railway Co. is related to the doctrine of ultra vires.

2020-2021

Removal of members of Company Law Appellate Tribunal can be carried out in consultation by: (1) Central Government (2) Chief Justice (3) Chairperson of Appellate Tribunal (4) Auditor General Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

  1. (a)(1) and (2) only✓
  2. (b)(1), (2), (3)
  3. (c)(3) and (2) only
  4. (d)(1), (2), (3), and (4)
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : According to Section 417(1) of the Companies Act, 2013, the Central Government, after consultation with the Chief Justice of India, may remove the Chairperson or any member of the Tribunal, who — (1) Has been adjudged as insolvent, or (2) Has been convicted of an offence which, in the opinion of the Central Government, involves moral turpitude, or (3) Has become physically or mentally incapable of acting as Chairperson or member, or (4) Has acquired such financial or other interest as is likely to affect prejudicially his functions, or (5) Has abused his position.

2021-2022Statements

Given below are two statements: Statement I: Every public company shall have at least three directors and every private company shall have at least two directors. Statement II: There can be a maximum of 15 directors and for having more than 15 directors, the company may pass a special resolution. In light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:

  1. (a)Both Statement I and Statement II are correct✓
  2. (b)Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
  3. (c)Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
  4. (d)Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : According to Section 149 of the Companies Act, 2013: (1) Every public company shall have a minimum of 3 directors and every private company shall have a minimum of 2 directors. (2) A company can have a maximum of 15 directors, but to have more than 15 directors, the company must pass a special resolution.

June 2020 · Q43

What is a whistleblower

  1. (a)A person who signals illegal or unethical practice to a precribed body✓
  2. (b)Usually a disgruntled ex-employee
  3. (c)A subversive person spying on a company
  4. (d)An investigative journalist
Answer & explanation

Answer: (a) A person who signals illegal or unethical practice to a precribed body

December 2024 · Q67

Minimum number of Directors in one person company is

  1. (a)1✓
  2. (b)3
  3. (c)4
  4. (d)5
Answer & explanation

Answer: (a) 1

June 2025 · Q67Match the lists

Match the following legal positions of directors with the corresponding case law

List-I (Position of Directors)

A. Directors as "Agents"

B. Directors as "Employees"

C. Directors as "Trustees"

D. Directors in a "Fiduciary Relationship"

List-II (Case Law)

1. Ferguson v. Wilson

2. R.R. Kothandraman v. Commissioner of Income Tax

3. Great Eastern Railway Co. v. Turner

4. Forest of Dean Coal Mining Co. Re

  1. (a)A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4✓
  2. (b)A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
  3. (c)A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
  4. (d)A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
Answer & explanation

Answer: (a) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4

Explanation: These landmark judgments clarify directors’ fiduciary, trustee, and agency relationships in corporate governance.

31 Dec 2025 (Shift 1) · Q91

In every listed public company how many of the total number of directors shall be independent directors?

  1. (a)One-fourth
  2. (b)One-third✓
  3. (c)One-fifth
  4. (d)One-tenth
Answer & explanation

Answer: (b) One-third

June 2026 · Q130

The board of directors of every listed company and such other class or classes of companies as may be prescribed are required to constitute, an Audit committee under which of the following provision of the Companies Act, 2013?

  1. (a)Section 178 of the Companies Act, 2013
  2. (b)Section 180 of the Companies Act, 2013
  3. (c)Section 183 of the Companies Act, 2013
  4. (d)Section 177 of the Companies Act, 2013✓
Answer & explanation

Answer: (d) Section 177 of the Companies Act, 2013

Explanation: Under Section 177(1) of the Companies Act, 2013 read with Rule 6 of the Companies (Meetings of Board and its Powers) Rules, 2014, the Board of Directors of every listed public company and certain prescribed classes of public companies are required to constitute an Audit Committee. Key Statutory Requirements of Section 177:

1. Applicability:

o Every listed public company. o All public companies with a paid-up share capital of ₹10 crore or more. o All public companies having a turnover of ₹100 crore or more. o All public companies having aggregate outstanding loans, debentures, or deposits exceeding 50crore}.

2. Composition:

o Minimum of 3 directors. o Independent directors must form the majority of the committee. o The majority of members, including its Chairperson, must be persons with the ability to read and understand financial statements.

← Back to all units All topics of Unit VI