Unit I · Topic 8Law, poverty and development – Previous Year Questions

6 previous year questions on Law, poverty and development from UGC NET Law papers (2019–2020), including 1 statement-based questions. The correct option is marked in green.

Questions

6 questions

2020-2021

Read the passage below carefully and answer the questions that follow The state of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand have not cooperated with the central government to constitute a Ganga Management Board. The Uttarakhand High Court in the exercise of its 'parens patriae' jurisdiction, ordered conversation of Ganga and Yamuna rivers as juristic/Legal persons/living entities, having the status of a legal person. The rivers Ganga and Yamuna are thus legal persons with corresponding rights of a living person. The director NAMAMI Ganga, the Chief Secretary and Advocate General of Uttarakhand states were declared as persons in 'Loco parentis' The devision bench of Uttrakhand High Court sharply berated the state terming their noncooperation as the sign of non-governance. The deterioroation of Ganga and Yamuna is a classic case of 'desperate times, desperate measures', the court granted the juristic entity at par with Hindu idol. The Uttrakhand High Court in another case reiterated the constitution of the Ganga Management Board has become all the necessary for the purpose of irrigation, water supply, hydropower generation, and navigation.

The term 'Loco parents' refers to

  1. (a)In equal fault
  2. (b)In place of Parent✓
  3. (c)Hizanat period
  4. (d)Indigent suit
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : The term 'Loco Parentis' means, in place of parents. In civilised society, guardians delegate certain rights and powers to another person for certain purposes concerning their children, and that other person would then be considered as Loco Parentis in relation to that child. The assertion made in the above passage was partly propounded by the Supreme Court in the case of Yogendra Nath Naskar v. Commissioner of Income Tax, 1969 S.C.

2020-2021

The divison bench of uttrakhand High court sharply berated... non-governance' was observed in which of the following cases

  1. (a)Indian Council for Enviro-legal Action v. Union of India
  2. (b)Rural Litigation & Entitlement Kendra v. State of Uttrakhand
  3. (c)Divya Pharmacy v. Union of India
  4. (d)Lalit Miglani v. state of Uttrakhand✓
Answer & explanation

Ans. (d) : In the case of Lalit Miglani v. State of Uttarakhand (2017 UK HC), the Uttarakhand High Court criticised the state government for its neglect and lack of cooperation in the constitution of the Ganga Management Board. The definition of idol as a legal person was given in the Yogendra Nath Naskar case.

2020-2021

The Uttarakhand High Court in another case reiterated 'the constitution.... navigation' as quoted in the paragraph, refers to which one of the following cases

  1. (a)Mohd. Salim v. State of Uttarakhand✓
  2. (b)Yogendra Nath v. Commissioner of Income Tax
  3. (c)Ram Kankijee v. State of Bihar
  4. (d)M.C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath
Answer & explanation

Ans. (a) : In the case of Mohammed Salim v. State of Uttarakhand (2017 UK H.C.), the Uttarakhand High Court held that the constitution of the Ganga Management Board is essential for irrigation, water supply, hydropower generation, navigation, and so on.

2020-2021

The term 'Parens Patriae' refers to

  1. (a)Common Suit
  2. (b)Descent from parent
  3. (c)Parent of his/her own country/state✓
  4. (d)Barred by res Judicata
Answer & explanation

Ans. (c) : 'Parens Patriae' is a Latin term which means 'protector of the country'. The state exercises its power to act as a guardian for animals, children or disabled persons who are

2020-2021Statements

unable to take care of themselves. In Charan Lal Sahu v. Union of India (1990 SC), the Bhopal Gas Tragedy victims' claims were represented by the state by enacting the Bhopal Gas Disaster (Processing of Claims) Act, 1985. Upholding its validity, the Supreme Court held that the Act was passed in recognition of the government's right to act as parens patrial (the father of a country). The Government of India was entitled to act as parens patrial for the effective protection of the rights of the victims. According to Pound, law is :

  1. (a)The statement of circumstances in which the public force will be brought to bear upon men through courts
  2. (b)A social institution to satisfy social wants✓
  3. (c)Aggregate of rules set by men as politically superior or sovereign, to men as politically subject
  4. (d)A crystallized common sense of communities
Answer & explanation

Ans. (b) : Roscoe Pound gave an active form to the programme of sociological jurisprudence on the basis of Ihering's ideas. Pound named this programme 'Social Engineering'. Pound, dividing the various interests protected by law into three categories, said that the work of law is only to protect the interests of men. According to him, law is a knowledge and experience through which social control can be exercised.

June 2019 · Q8

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) committed to provide

1. Universal access to affordable, reliable and modern energy services

2. Improving the share of renewable energy

3. Doubling of energy of efficiency by 2030/2030

4. Protection of ocean and wetland

Select the correct answer using the options given below

  1. (a)1, 2 and 3 are true✓
  2. (b)1, 3 and 4 are true
  3. (c)2, 3 and 4 are true
  4. (d)1, 2 and 4 are true
Answer & explanation

Answer: (a) 1, 2 and 3 are true

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